這篇文章示範如何使用Python透過Bluetooth跟Arduino連結.並使用Python建立出來的圖形介面來控制Arduino上LED 的ON/OFF.
底下實驗概念接線圖
Python 因為是跨平台的程式語言所以也執行在windows或是Linux,底下範例是直接使用一般電腦及windows 10去做示範.Python原始程式碼只要稍微修改一下也可以改成使用在安裝Linux的系統上,如樹梅派.
底下是之前USB2Serial範例的介紹連結:
http://arbu00.blogspot.tw/2016/07/pythonarduinoled.html
底下所建立出來的圖形介面如下圖所示,
當按下按鈕<check>去跟Arduino確認是否已經連線成功.
按下按鈕<ButtonA>則會傳送字元'a' 到arduino當指令去啟動LED跑馬燈1
按下按鈕<ButtonB>則會傳送字元'b' 到arduino當指令去啟動LED跑馬燈2
按下按鈕<ButtonC>則會傳送字元'c' 到arduino當指令去啟動LED閃燈的動作.
按下按鈕<Exit>則會傳送'ESC' 鍵字元到arduino當指令去結束視窗跟所有動作.
當成是執行時必須先按下<Check>Button 再reset Arduino才能順執行以確保連線成功.
底下圖示當按下Button A 時會傳字元'a' 到Arduino,即可進行跑馬燈動作.
有關這個範例的實際示範及詳細的說明可以觀看底下的影片教學.
底下是本範例的Python &Arduino程式碼.
<Python source code>
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from time import sleep
import serial
import tkinter
Ready_flag=0
##==============================================================================
ser =serial.Serial("COM9", 9600, timeout=2) # Establish the connection on a specific port
##==============================================================================
##===============For Linux=========================================================
#ser =serial.Serial("/dev/ttyACM0", baudrate=9600, timeout=2) # Establish the connection on a specific port
##==============================================================================
def SerialWrite(command):
ser.write(command)
rv=ser.readline()
#print (rv) # Read the newest output from the Arduino
print (rv.decode("utf-8"))
sleep(1) # Delay for one tenth of a second
ser.flushInput()
##===When button A be pressed then Send 'a' to arduino============
def SendCmdA():
global Ready_flag
if Ready_flag==1:
Arduino_cmd='a'
cmd=Arduino_cmd.encode("utf-8")
SerialWrite(cmd)
#Show to LabelA----------------
LabelA.config(text="Send the command 'a' to Arduino")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
else:
LabelA.config(fg='red',)
LabelA.config(text="Arduino not ready!Please check it again")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
##===When button A be pressed then Send 'a' to arduino============
def SendCmdB():
global Ready_flag
if Ready_flag==1:
Arduino_cmd='b'
cmd=Arduino_cmd.encode("utf-8")
SerialWrite(cmd)
#Show to LabelA----------------
LabelA.config(text="Send the command 'b' to Arduino")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
else:
LabelA.config(fg='red',)
LabelA.config(text="Arduino not ready!Please check it again")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
##===When button A be pressed then Send 'a' to arduino============
def SendCmdC():
global Ready_flag
if Ready_flag==1:
Arduino_cmd='c'
cmd=Arduino_cmd.encode("utf-8")
SerialWrite(cmd)
#Show to LabelA----------------
LabelA.config(text="Send the command 'c' to Arduino")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
else:
LabelA.config(fg='red',)
LabelA.config(text="Arduino not ready!Please check it again")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
##==Serial connect and Get arduino Ready================
def Serial_Connect():
global Ready_flag
for i in range (1,10):
print("Checking...")
#Show to LabelA----------------
Str_index=""
str_check="th Checking...\n"
Str_index=str(i)
Label_msg="The " +Str_index +str_check
LabelA.config(fg='green',)
LabelA.config(text=Label_msg)
LabelA.update_idletasks()
buttonStart.config(state="disabled")
Tkwindow.update()
rv=ser.readline()
#Debug print (rv) # Read the newest output from the Arduino
print (rv.decode("utf-8"))
ser.flushInput()
sleep(0.5) # Delay
Str_Message=rv.decode("utf-8")
#Debug print(Str[0:5])
if Str_Message[0:5]=="Ready":
Ready_flag=1
print("Get Arduino Ready !")
#Show to LabelA----------------
LabelA.config(text="Get Arduino connecting Ready !")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
break
elif i==9:
Ready_flag=0
LabelA.config(fg='red',)
LabelA.config(text="Can't connnect to Arduino successfully!\
\nPlease press 'check' button then reset Arduino to try again!")
buttonStart.config(state="active")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
sleep(1) # Delay
##------------------------------------------------------
##==Serial connect Exit================
def All_Exit():
print("Exit.....")
#Show to LabelA----------------
LabelA.config(text="Exit.....")
LabelA.update_idletasks()
Tkwindow.update()
sleep(1)
chr_num = 27 ##ESC
cmd=(chr(chr_num).encode('utf-8'))
SerialWrite(cmd)
ser.close()
Tkwindow.destroy() # Kill the root window!
##------------------------------------------------------
Tkwindow=tkinter.Tk()
Tkwindow.title("Using Python to Control Arduino LED ON/OFF")
Tkwindow.minsize(600,400)
LabelA=tkinter.Label(Tkwindow,
bg='white',
fg='blue',
text="Press 'Check' Button then reset Arduino to connect!",
width=80,
height=10,
justify=tkinter.LEFT
)
LabelA.pack(side=tkinter.TOP)
buttonA=tkinter.Button(Tkwindow,
anchor=tkinter.S,
text="Button A",
width=10,
height=1,
command=SendCmdA)
buttonA.pack(side=tkinter.LEFT)
buttonB=tkinter.Button(Tkwindow,
anchor=tkinter.S,
text="Button B",
width=10,
height=1,
command=SendCmdB)
buttonB.pack(side=tkinter.LEFT)
buttonC=tkinter.Button(Tkwindow,
anchor=tkinter.S,
text="Button C",
width=10,
height=1,
command=SendCmdC)
buttonC.pack(side=tkinter.LEFT)
buttonStart=tkinter.Button(Tkwindow,
anchor=tkinter.S,
text="Check",
width=10,
height=1,
command=Serial_Connect)
buttonStart.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT)
buttonEnd=tkinter.Button(Tkwindow,
anchor=tkinter.S,
text="Exit",
width=10,
height=1,
command=All_Exit)
buttonEnd.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT)
Tkwindow.mainloop()
<Arduino source code>
//***************************************************************************** //***************************************************************************** //ArbuluckyChat V1.0 //阿布拉機的3D列印與機器人 //http://arbu00.blogspot.tw/ // //2016/07/ˇ0 Writen By Ashing Tsai // //****************************************************************************** #includeconst int LedPin12=12; const int LedPin11=11; const int LedPin10=10; //USB-Serial String Str01=""; SoftwareSerial BT(2,3); //RX,TX String ReadBTString=""; void setup() { BT.begin(9600); BT.println("Ready"); // print "Ready" once //USB-Serial Serial.begin(115200); // set the baud rate //USB-Serial Serial.println("Ready"); // print "Ready" once pinMode(LedPin12,OUTPUT); pinMode(LedPin11,OUTPUT); pinMode(LedPin10,OUTPUT); digitalWrite(LedPin12,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin11,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin10,LOW); } void loop() { /*USB-Serial+ if (Serial.available()) { Str01=""; delay(1); while(Serial.available()) { Str01+=(char)Serial.read(); } Serial.println(Str01); // send the data back in a new line so that it is not all one long line } USB-Serial-*/ //BT+======================== if(BT.available()) { ReadBTString=""; while(BT.available()) { ReadBTString+=(char)BT.read(); delay(1); } BT.println(ReadBTString); } //BT-======================== if (ReadBTString[0]=='a') { digitalWrite(LedPin12,HIGH); digitalWrite(LedPin11,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin10,LOW); delay(500); digitalWrite(LedPin12,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin11,HIGH); digitalWrite(LedPin10,LOW); delay(500); digitalWrite(LedPin12,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin11,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin10,HIGH); delay(500); } if (ReadBTString[0]=='b') { digitalWrite(LedPin12,HIGH); digitalWrite(LedPin11,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin10,LOW); delay(100); digitalWrite(LedPin12,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin11,HIGH); digitalWrite(LedPin10,LOW); delay(100); digitalWrite(LedPin12,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin11,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin10,HIGH); delay(100); } if (ReadBTString[0]=='c') { digitalWrite(LedPin12,HIGH); digitalWrite(LedPin11,HIGH); digitalWrite(LedPin10,HIGH); delay(300); digitalWrite(LedPin12,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin11,LOW); digitalWrite(LedPin10,LOW); delay(300); } }
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